Pregnancy Calculator
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| Pregnancy Calculator |
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Pregnancy may be a term wont to describe a lady 's state over a period of time (~9 months) during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman. Childbirth usually occurs approximately 38 weeks after conception, or about 40 weeks after the last menstrual period. the planet Health Organization defines a traditional pregnancy term to last between 37 and 47 weeks. During an individual's first OB-GYN visit, the doctor will usually provide an estimated date (based on a sonogram) at which the kid are going to be born, or maturity . Alternatively, the maturity also can be estimated supported an individual's last menstrual period.
While the maturity are often estimated, the particular length of a pregnancy depends on various factors including age, length of previous pregnancies, and weight of the mother at birth.1 However, there are still more factors affecting natural variation in pregnancy term that aren't well understood. Studies have shown that fewer than 4% of births occur on the precise maturity , 60% occur within every week of the maturity , and almost 90% occur within fortnight of the maturity .2 As such, while it's possible to be fairly confident that an individual's child are going to be born within about fortnight of the maturity , it's currently impossible to predict the precise day of birth with certainty.
Pregnancy Detection
Pregnancy are often detected either by using pregnancy tests, or by the lady herself noticing variety of symptoms including a missed menstrual period, increased basal blood heat , fatigue, nausea, and increased frequency of urination.
Pregnancy tests involve detection of hormones that function biomarkers for pregnancy and include clinical blood or urine tests which will detect pregnancy from six to eight days after fertilization. While clinical blood tests are more accurate, and may detect exact amounts of the hormone hCG (which is merely present during pregnancy) earlier and in smaller quantities, they take longer to guage and are costlier than home pregnancy urine tests. it's also possible to urge a clinical urine test, but these aren't necessarily more accurate than a home bioassay , and may potentially be more costly.
Pregnancy Management
There are a number of factors that need to be considered during pregnancy, many of which are highly dependent on the individual's situation, such as medication, weight gain, exercise and nutrition.
Medication:
Taking certain medications during pregnancy can have lasting effects on the fetus. In the U.S. drugs are classified into categories A, B, C, D and X by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) based on potential benefits vs. fetal risks. Drugs that have positive benefit for the mother with low risk to the fetus are classified as category A, while drugs with proven, significant fetal risks that outweigh potential benefits to the mother are classified a category X. A person that is pregnant should consult their doctor regarding any medications they plan to use during their pregnancy.
Weight gain:
Weight gain is a largely inevitable and necessary aspect of pregnancy that varies between people. It affects many aspects of fetal development such as the weight of the baby, the placenta, extra circulatory fluid, and its fat and protein stores. Weight management merits consideration because insufficient or excessive weight gain can have negative effects for both mother and fetus including the need for cesarean section (C-section) and gestational hypertension. While the values vary between women, the Institute of Medicine recommends an overall pregnancy weight gain of 25-35 pounds for women who are considered "normal" weight (BMI 18.5-24.9), 28-40 pounds for those considered underweight (BMI < 18.5), 15-25 pounds for those considered overweight (BMI 25-29.9), and 11-20 pounds for those considered obese (BMI > 30).3 Our Pregnancy Weight Gain Calculator is based on the Institute of Medicine recommendations.
Exercise:
Studies indicate that aerobic exercise during pregnancy helps to improve or maintain physical fitness as well as possibly decreasing the risk of C-section. Although it varies between women, regular aerobic and strength-conditioning exercise are often recommended for pregnant women, and women who exercised regularly before pregnancy, who have uncomplicated pregnancies, should be able to continue high intensity exercise programs.4 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists suggests that given an uncomplicated pregnancy, fetal injuries are unlikely to occur as a result of exercise. Nevertheless, caution is advised, and a pregnant woman should consult their doctor if any of the following symptoms present: vaginal bleeding, shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, calf pain or swelling, amniotic fluid leakage, decreased fetal movement, preterm labor, muscle weakness, or chest pain.5
Nutrition:
Nutrition during pregnancy is especially important for the health of the mother and baby. Pregnancy requires different nutritional considerations than an individual would have during a non-pregnant state, thanks to increased energy and specific micronutrient requirements.6
Certain vitamins like Vitamin B9, also referred to as vitamin Bc , can help decrease the danger of certain defects, while other nutrients like DHA omega-3 that's necessary for correct brain and retinal development can't be produced efficiently by infants, and may only be obtained through the placenta during pregnancy, or in breast milk after birth. There are many other micronutrients that aid proper fetal development, and there exist myriad sources of data on what pregnant women should or shouldn't eat or do. All of the knowledge are often different to sift through and may vary from person to person. Pregnant women should consult their doctors and/or dietitian to assist determine the simplest course of action for his or her own specific needs.
1. Jukic, AM, Baird, DD, Weinberg, CR, et al. 2013. "Length of human pregnancy and contributors to its natural variation. Human Reproduction 28(10): 2848-55. PMC3777570.
2. Moore, Keith. 2015. "How accurate are 'due dates'?" BBC, February 3, 2015. www.bbc.com/news/magazine-31046144.
3. Institute of drugs . 2009. "Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the rules ." National Academies Press.
4. Davies, GA, Wolfe, LA, Mottola, MF, et al. 2003. "Exercise in pregnancy and therefore the postpartum period." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 25(6): 516-29.
5. Artal, R., O'Toole, M. 2003. "Guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists for exercise during pregnancy and therefore the postpartum period." British Journal of medicine 37: 6-12. doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.1.6
6. Lammi-Keefe, CJ, Couch, SC, Philipson, E. 2008. "Handbook of Nutrition and Pregnancy." Humana Press.
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